Progressive Movement Practice Exam

Which amendment is associated with the direct election of senators, a key Progressive reform?

1. 17th Amendment

2. 19th Amendment

3. 15th Amendment

4. 16th Amendment

The correct answer is: 17th Amendment

The 17th Amendment established the direct election of U.S. Senators by the electorate, which was a significant reform during the Progressive Movement. Prior to the amendment's ratification in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures, a process that was often criticized for being prone to corruption and not truly representative of the people's will. The direct election by voters aimed to enhance democracy and accountability in government by allowing citizens to have a direct say in who represented them at the federal level. This was an important step in expanding democratic principles and reducing the influence of political machines and special interests in the legislative process. In contrast, the 19th Amendment focused on women's suffrage, granting women the right to vote. The 15th Amendment pertains to voting rights but does not specifically address the election of senators; instead, it prohibits denying the right to vote based on race. The 16th Amendment allows for the federal income tax, which is unrelated to the election of senators. Thus, the focus on direct senatorial elections clearly aligns with the 17th Amendment.